Which Of The Lobes Of The Brain Was The Same Size In Neanderthals As In Homo Sapiens?

Main Difference – Neanderthals vs Homo Sapiens

Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens are two species in the later stages of homo evolution. Homo neanderthalensis is commonly called Neanderthal. Homo sapiens is called 'wise man' in Latin: the only known extant human species. Neanderthal is the closest relative of humans. Still, there is a significant difference in both species due to biological, anthropological, ethological, linguistic, and other factors. Thechief difference betwixt Neanderthal and Homo sapiens is thatNeanderthals were hunter-gatherers whereas Homo sapiens spend a settled life, producing food through agriculture and domestication. Homo sapiens sapiens and Human being sapiens idaltu are the two subspecies of Homo sapiens. The mod human belongs to Homo sapiens sapiens while the other is an extinct subspecies.

Cardinal Areas Covered

one. Who are Neanderthals
– Definition, Anatomy, Anthropology
2. Who are Homo Sapiens
– Definition, Beefcake, Anthropology
iii. What are the Similarities Between Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens
– Outline of Mutual Features
4. What is the Difference Between Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens
– Comparison of Key Differences

Key Terms: Build, Forehead, Human Development, Homo sapiens idaltu, Human sapiens sapiens, Neanderthals, Symbolic Expressions

Difference Between Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens - Comparison Summary

Who are Neanderthals

Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) refer to an extinct species of humans, who were widely distributed in water ice-edge Europe. They were the closest extinct homo species relative to Homo sapiens. They lived in Southwestern to central Asia about 400,000 to 40,000 years ago. The main characteristic features of Neanderthals are their receding brow and prominent forehead ridges. Neanderthals skull also comprised a large middle part of the face, a huge nose, and angled cheek bones. Since Neanderthals lived in common cold environments, their huge nose was used to humidify and warm the common cold, dry air. The trunk of Neanderthals was shorter and stockier than the modernistic human being. The size of the encephalon was the aforementioned equally the modern human being. But, their encephalon was proportionally larger to their body. A Neanderthal is shown infigure 1.

Difference Between Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens

Figure 1: Neanderthal

Neanderthals lived in caves and wore clothes. They were very skilled hunters of large animals, used sophisticated tools, and were capable of controlling fire. Neanderthals ate institute food as well. Sometimes, they used symbolic and ornamental objects. The expressionless bodies of Neanderthals were deliberately cached and graves were marked as well. Neanderthal might be extinct due to gradual or dramatic climate changes. If not, they might take interbred with Human being sapiens until they were absorbed by Human sapiens.

Who are Homo Spaiens

Homo sapiens refer to the primate species to which modern humans belong. They evolved near 200,000 years agone in Africa and are now found all over the world. Homo sapiens sapiens and Homo sapiens idaltu are the ii subspecies of Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens idaltu is an extant subspecies and is the commonest ancestor of mod humans. He is commonly chosen the "Herto homo". Human sapiens idaltu evolved about 160,000 years ago in Pleistocene Africa. The modern man belongs to Homo sapiens sapiens. The skull of the modern man is a thin-walled, vaulted structure with a flat, and virtually vertical brow. These changes bear a large brain. The average size of the encephalon is 1300 cmⁱⁱⁱ. The encephalon to body ratio is less when compared to Neanderthals. The modern human has a lighter build in their skeleton when compared to his former ancestors. The jaws are less heavily developed with smaller teeth. Homo sapiens is shown in figure two.

Main Difference - Neanderthals vs Homo Sapiens

Effigy 2: Man Sapiens

Modern humans utilize more refined and specialized tools such every bit sewing needles and spear throwers. They spend a settled life and are aware of domestication. Abstruse thinking, planning depth, cultural diversity as well as symbolic expressions such as fine art and music are characteristic features of mod humans.

Similarities Between Neanderthals and Man Sapiens

Neanderthals and Man sapiens are two species of the Genus: Homo.
Both Neanderthals and Homo sapiens are primates.
Both Neanderthals and Homo sapiens have brains with similar sizes.

Difference Betwixt Neanderthals and Human being Sapiens

Definition

Neanderthals: Neanderthals are an extinct species of humans, that was widely distributed in ice-historic period Europe.

Homo sapiens: Human sapiens refer to the primate species to which modern humans vest.

Development

Neanderthals: Neanderthals evolved nearly 400,000 to xl,000 years agone in Europe and Southwestern to primal Asia.

Homo sapiens: Homo sapiens evolved near 200,000 years agone in Africa.

Subspecies

Neanderthals: Neanderthals had no subspecies.

Homo sapiens: Homo sapiens sapiens and Human sapiens idaltu are the ii subspecies of Man sapiens.

Habitat

Neanderthals: Neanderthals lived in Europe and Southwestern to central Asia.

Homo sapiens: Man sapiens live all over the world.

Forehead

Neanderthals:Neanderthals had a receding forehead with prominent brow ridges.

Human being sapiens: Homo sapiens have a flat and near vertical forehead.

Body

Neanderthals: The body of the Neanderthals was curt and stockier.

Homo sapiens: Homo sapiens accept a lighter build.

Body to Encephalon Proportionality

Neanderthals:The encephalon of the Neanderthals was larger when compared to their body.

Human being sapiens: The brain of Homo sapiens is smaller compared to the torso.

Elevation

Neanderthals: The average elevation of the Neanderthal males was 5 ft 5 in and that of Neanderthal females was 5 ft 1 in.

Homo sapiens: The average summit of the males was 5 ft 71/2 in and that of females was v ft ii in.

Weight

Neanderthals: The weight of the Neanderthal males was 143 lbs and that of Neanderthal females was 119 lbs.

Homo sapiens: The weight of the males was 119-141 lbs and that of females was 168-183 lbs.

Life Manner

Neanderthals: Neanderthals lived in caves, hunting animals and gathering food.

Human sapiens: Human being sapiens spends a settled life, producing food through agriculture and domestication.

Symbolic Expressions

Neanderthals: Neanderthals used symbolic and ornamental objects occasionally.

Homo sapiens: Homo sapiens uses much more than circuitous symbols too equally languages for communication.

Tools

Neanderthals:Neanderthals used sophisticated tools for hunting and other purposes.

Homo sapiens: Homo sapiens uses much more sophisticated tools than Neanderthals.

Conclusion

Neanderthal and Homo sapiens are two species of humans. Neanderthals are the closest extinct species of Homo sapiens. They lived in caves, hunting and gathering food. Homo sapiens is the modern homo species, who is much wiser than Neanderthals in expressions every bit well as other lifestyle factors. The main difference between Neanderthals and Human sapiens is the structure of the body and skills.

Reference:

1. Smithsonians National Museum of Natural History. Homo neanderthalensis | The Smithsonian Institutions Homo Origins Program, ane Mar. 2010, Available here.
2. Szalay, Jessie. "Neanderthals: Facts Nigh Our Extinct Human Relatives." LiveScience, Purch, 13 Apr. 2016, Available here.
3. Bradshaw Foundation. "Bradshaw Foundation Origins – Homo sapiens idaltu." Bradshaw Foundation, Bachelor hither.
4. Smithsonian'south National Museum of Natural History. Man sapiens | The Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins Program, 1 Mar. 2010, Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1. "NHM – Homo sapiens Modell 1" Past Wolfgang Sauber – Own piece of work (CC BY-SA 4.0) via Commons Wikimedia
ii. "Man" by Erich Ferdinand (CC BY 2.0) via Flickr